Pathological processes of the skin cover are equally common in childhood and adulthood. Especially deprive. This disease is of viral and fungal origin. In the medical encyclopedia, dermatoses are classified according to clinical signs and etiological factors.
The most common is ringworm. Rare forms include red, scaly hair, or Deverzhi disease. In today's publication, we describe in detail the clinical picture, talk about the causes, therapeutic methods, as well as methods of diagnosis. Basic knowledge of the typical manifestations of the disease will help patients distinguish it from other skin lesions and visit a specialist in a timely manner.
a brief description of
Red pityriasis versicolor (Deverzhi disease) was first described by a French doctor in 1856. In honor of him, dermatitis of the skin was given this name. Keratosis in medical practice is extremely rare. This is a pathological condition of the skin, in which there is a thickening of the upper stratum corneum, which acts as a protective barrier against the negative effects of external factors.
In a person with similar hair depriving, the skin surface becomes coarse, dry, rough, dense papules the size of a grain, covered with white scales appear on it. Rash have a similar clinic with psoriatic plaques, because of this, doctors often make the wrong diagnosis. The disease adversely affects the emotional background of the person and often causes psychological impairment.
Finding out the true etiology
Unfortunately, world medicine is currently not yet fully studied the disease. Constantly conducted clinical studies, experts are looking for all new methods of therapy. According to the statistics of the public health authorities, the incidence of dermatological keratosis is only 0.03% (1/3500). It is diagnosed in the representatives of different nations and ages.
The causes of the pathology is not fully understood. It is believed that the disease can be inherited. Officially, there are cases when all family members (blood relatives) were diagnosed with lichen versicolor. Also, experts suggest that retinol deficiency (vitamin A) may trigger the pathology.
However, this version remains a big question, since most patients with this disease have a normal vitamin level. Numerous clinical experiments have shown that a number of disorders of the nervous and endocrine systems affect the onset of red pityriasis versicolor. Also the culprit of the disease may be tuberculosis, mental disorders.
Daveri disease: symptoms and manifestations
According to experts, the disease develops even in infancy. Acquired form appears in older people - after 50 years. The course of keratosis occurs in an acute form: the scalp is covered with yellowish, rough spots, covered with scales. Dewergey disease, especially at the initial stage, is often confused with seborrhea and psoriasis.
Further localization begins a little later - in a couple of months. With strong immunity, incomplete remission (partial rashes) can last up to several years. The patient mistakenly believes that he is cured and does not seek help, only delaying the process. After a certain time, the knot papules (plaques) with small fur-like hairs at the end are found on the body. Usually the skin around the rash is red (inflamed).
The most annoying thing is that the yellowish plaques grow so large that they flood entire spaces, affecting healthy skin. On examination, the rash is found on almost the entire body (elbows, neck, head, legs, palms, soles). In some cases, the patient experiences itching, soreness, tightening of the skin, tension. In the absence of proper treatment, nail plates become thickened and change color. They become porous, thin, with pressure there is pain.
Dewergy's disease affects the oral mucosa. Red spots are visible on the palate and on the inner surface of the cheeks. The disease can subside and after a while again to remind myself. Often, leukemia and myasthenia (an autoimmune disease) are associated with this pathology. For exacerbated in women in the situation, as well as in the menstrual period.
How is the survey?
Similar methods are used to detect the disease of Vervegi in children and adults. Consultation is carried out by narrow specialists: infectious diseases specialist, dermatologist. Visual inspection does not always allow you to make the correct diagnosis. To accurately determine the pathological condition, a complete history is required, including patient complaints, histological examination, and examination of lesions under the Wood lamp (luminescent). A scraping from the skin surface is also taken to exclude other pathologies (psoriasis, vitiligo, eczema, rubella, measles, allergies).
Daveri disease: traditional treatment
After the diagnosis, a course of antifungal therapy is prescribed: intravenously and orally. Also prescribed creams and emulsions, which must be regularly applied to damaged areas of the body. For the scalp produce a variety of lotions, sprays and shampoos containing selenium sulfide. These funds contribute to the relief of symptoms and pleasantly refresh the skin.
Treatment is not complete without the use of retinol, vitamins B, C, antihistamine drugs. UV irradiation and PUVA therapy may be prescribed. Well helps spa vacation. To prevent rashes, you should carefully observe hygiene.
Folk ways
Herbal supplements and decoctions are used in combination with medical methods to help heal and clean the skin faster. Doctors recommend applying birch tar sold in a pharmacy for animals. True, the smell of the product is not particularly pleasant, and traces remain on the clothes. Therefore, it is better to use it at night or on weekends. Effective in the treatment of sorrel. From it make broths.
- Grind 15 grams of seeds with roots, pour water (125 ml), put on the burner for 5-7 minutes. Cooled broth to filter, moisten gauze and attach to the affected area. Vegetable raw materials perfectly relieves itching, peeling, moisturizes the skin.
In our time, medicine has achieved tremendous results in the treatment of severe pathologies. DeVergey's disease can be cured or reduce the number of relapses if the patient adheres to all of the doctor's recommendations. It should be understood that therapy takes a fairly long time: from 60 days to 24 months. Every year the patient must drink a vitamin-mineral complex.
Preventive measures
No one is immune from infection. But everyone can minimize the risk. If the disease is not inherited, then you are very lucky. Make it a habit to maintain body hygiene, keep clothes and living space clean. Try not to touch stray animals, because most often they are carriers of dangerous pathologies. In addition, supply the body with vital vitamins, without which our immune system simply fades.
Where are the changes determined?
In case of Dewergy's disease, there is no specific localization of the pathological process on the skin. Most often, changes are found in the elbows and knees (often on the outer surface). Although rashes can be found on the scalp (hairy part), on the face, back, abdomen or any other parts of the body. But even with the most severe course there are unaffected skin areas.
Quite often, there are changes on the skin of the palms and soles (in contrast to Kirle's disease, keratosis, in which there are always no changes with such localization). In this regard, the Dewerji disease is similar in its manifestations to Reiter's syndrome, in which also palmar hyperkeratosis can be observed.
The nails are often affected, there is a thickening of the nail plates, the appearance of longitudinal and transverse furrows, this disease is similar to psoriasis of the nails, in which they are also observed to become a dystrophy, but the nails are affected pointwise, and therefore they are similar to a thimble.
The mucous membranes of red hair with chicklike shingles are not affected in the majority of patients, but in rare cases there may be conical thickenings on the palatal mucosa or areas of hyperkeratosis on the cheek mucosa, which can easily be confused with leukoplakia.
Children's disease
If signs of Daveri’s disease are observed already at birth or in early childhood, then they are considered to be congenital. In most children, manifestations of this pathology show recovery in adolescence, which is associated with hormonal changes in the pubescent period.
Acquired Daveri Disease
In adults, the disease most often appears in old age, in which case it is considered that it has an acquired character. The acute course is characterized by the appearance of rash, fever, general weakness, but the phenomena regress as quickly as they appear.
The chronic course of dermatosis is observed much more often, almost always the changes develop slowly, gradually progressing, but are very difficult to treat. Periods of remission and exacerbations replace each other, in some cases, remission or full recovery occurs suddenly, even without treatment.
Causes of red hair chafing
The causes of the disease are not established, the hereditary form is associated with a genetic predisposition. It is believed that the disease can be transmitted from parents in an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. But such a character is attributed only to the diseases of Daveri in children.
In adults, the disease is exogenously induced, i.e. caused by external factors, its development is associated with:
- lack of or impaired absorption of vitamin A,
- endocrine pathology (changes in the thyroid gland and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism can cause the development of this dermatosis),
- the role of liver pathology in the development of pityriasis of lichen red hair is not excluded,
- the disease can develop after the transferred infections, however, the role of a particular agent in the development of pathology has not been established.
This disease, which in Latin is called lichen acuminatum (not to be confused with shingles), is quite rare, and its connection with any exogenous causes has not been established, therefore, it is generally accepted that there are only risk factors for developing the disease, and it is etiology.
Symptoms of papular keratosis
The main symptom of chronic keratosis Deverzhi is follicular papular keratosis, i.e. the formation of papules around the hair follicles with areas of hyperkeratosis on their surface, the papules tend to grow and merge to form foci covered with horny scales.
On the skin in case of Deverji's disease, papules of small size appear, up to two centimeters in diameter, which rise above the surface and have a brownish or reddish color. Horny scales appear on their surface, which are easily separated, a recess remains in their place, but no liquid is observed (unlike the weeping surface in another hyperkeratosis, Kirl disease).
Distinctive features of red hair pityriasis versicolor are:
- lack of total skin lesions,
- slow progression (in chronic form, which is observed most often),
- the presence of small papules, which gradually merge,
- the rash has a yellowish-red color and contrasts against the background of healthy skin,
- itching and other subjective signs are usually absent,
- general condition does not suffer,
- mucous membranes are rarely affected, but there may be changes on the inner surface of the cheeks in the form of areas of keratinization and papules on a hard palate,
- often affects the palmar surface of the hand and the plantar surface of the feet, where areas of hyperkeratosis are formed,
- nails are often affected (their thickening occurs, the appearance of isting).
Red pityriasis versicolor (Dever'e disease)
Diagnostic Approaches
Diagnosis by external examination is quite difficult, the disease has to be differentiated from:
- psoriasis (characterized by hyperkeratosis and location on the extensor surface of the joints),
- secondary erythroderma (the presence of papules and redness of the skin),
- Kirl's disease (presence of hyperkeratosis sites),
- various forms of eczema.
An accurate diagnosis requires a histological examination of the skin, the diagnostic criteria are parafollicular hyperkeratosis and minor inflammatory infiltration of the papillary dermis.
What is the treatment of the disease Devergi?
Therapy is based on the use of large doses of vitamin A, prescribed by 100-200 thousand units per day, the minimum course is two months, after which it is recommended to take the same break, if necessary, then the course is repeated.
Multivitamin complexes or individual vitamins of group B and vitamin E are prescribed in addition, their use, as a rule, gives good results.
Well proven in the fight against this pathology and retinoids (roakkunt), but the decision on their use is made by a doctor after making an accurate diagnosis.
Drug therapy is recommended to be supplemented with PUVA sessions (usually a course consists of 10 sessions), such treatment is performed in case of severe pathology and if there are no contraindications, physiotherapeutic treatment methods such as phonophoresis with glucocorticosteroids are also used.
From the local treatment, preference is given to ointments with vitamin A, acetylsalicylic acid ointments are widely used to eliminate inflammation in the skin. With a pronounced inflammatory process, apply ointment with glucocorticosteroids, in extreme cases, systemic glucocorticoids are prescribed.
Treatment of folk remedies
The efficacy of folk treatment in case of Devéří’s disease remains a big question, but some approaches may well complement the main treatment. In particular, the use of carrots or carrot juice, lotions with carrot or beet juice.
It is recommended to use rosehip oil (the content of large amounts of vitamin C can positively affect the course of the disease), chamomile and oak bark are used to make infusions, they are used in the form of baths, which allows to reduce the severity of the inflammatory process in the dermis.
There is evidence that tar or ground sorrel has a positive effect (when applied externally), but the use of any popular method should be only an addition to the main therapy.
Forecast and preventive measures
Prevention of lichen acuminatum has not been developed, since the causes of the development of the disease are unknown, but the prevention of infectious diseases, timely examinations and treatment of pathology of the liver, gastrointestinal tract and endocrine diseases can prevent the appearance of signs of follicular papular keratosis.
The prognosis is favorable, the disease is easily treatable, and in some cases it regresses spontaneously even without specific therapy.
Etiology and pathogenesis
The causes of the disease are still unknown. Scientists disagree on the etiology of the pathological process. The dominant theory of the cause of dermatosis is a hereditary predisposition, which is transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner.
In addition to this theory, as a result of immunoblogging studies of infiltration of papules, it was found that there are changes in keratin characteristic of other dermatoses - dysfunction of keratinization, which is observed in ichthyosis and an enhanced process of proliferation of keratinocytes, like in psoriasis. Many patients suffering from Dewergie's disease also have impairments in the activity of cells of the immune system - a decrease in the level of T-helpers and an increase in the number of T-suppressors.
According to statistics, the frequency of occurrence of pathology has no gender dependence, that is, the disease affects both men and women. There is also no age frame - the range of incidence from 5 to 75 years. Pathology is characterized by a long, often up to a dozen years, chronic course.
Clinical picture
Clinical manifestations vary in localization. Visually marked the emergence of spiky papules, which palpation is felt as a rough hard rash. In addition, the lesion is covered with epidermis flakes in the form of bran. Also marked erythema (redness and dilation of capillaries), which causes the name of the disease - red pityriasis versicolor. Lesions are located on the joints of the limbs (knees, elbows), on the face, and on the scalp.
With external similarity of progressive lesions of the skin, localized on the extensor surfaces of the extremities, with manifestations of psoriasis, there are characteristic differences - the alternation of the affected and healthy skin areas within one focus and the presence of keratin plugs (Bénier cones) in the papules of the fingers. These symptoms are differential in clarifying the diagnosis.
In case of Dewergy's disease, there is a change in the nail plate. Under the surface of the nail is observed porous fibrous mass, directly soldered to the surface of the nail plate. The color of the nails changes to yellow-brown, longitudinal striation, thickening, hyperkeratosis is noted. When pressing on the affected nail, the patient feels pain.
With the progression of pathology, as well as simultaneously with its onset, the palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis appears.
In the scientific literature, there is evidence of a combination of red pityriasis of lichen hair with such diseases as hypothyroidism, HIV, leukemia, myasthenia, malignant processes in the body.
Deprive Devergee can lead to a number of complications, such as lagging a century from the eyeball (ectropion), with localization of the lesion on the eyelid and erythroderma. Often a bacterial and viral infection penetrates through the damaged skin that causes a complication of dermatosis.
Pathological process can be spilled as well as clearly localized, exciting, for example, symmetrical extensor surfaces of the upper or lower extremities.
Based on the listed etiological characteristics of the disease, you can answer the question frequently asked by dermatologists: "Is it infected or not a pityriasis versicolor?" Not. The disease is not dangerous to others.
Classification
Depending on the age of the patient and the degree of manifestation, Dewerji's hairlessness has the following classification.
Pathology in the group of adults:
- classic and atypical type.
- classical,
- limited,
- atypical types.
At present, after a thorough analysis of the clinical manifestations of the disease, it has been decided to combine the classic adult and juvenile types, since, apart from age, there are no other differences. Therefore, modern classification has the following form:
- classical,
- limited juvenile,
- HIV-related.
Symptoms of the disease
The disease has both characteristic manifestations, in the form of:
- the presence of islands of healthy epidermis, interspersed with rashes,
- skin in the lesion of red or carrot color,
- the formation of pointed papules with keratin plugs.
So such as:
- the formation of flakes of various flakes in diameter,
- hyperkeratinization of the skin of the palms and feet,
- deformation and discoloration of the nail plate,
- the formation of cones Benie.
Symptoms of the Daveri disease are found in many dermatoses and manifest as:
- feeling the skin,
- painful sensations due to cracks in hyperkeratosis,
- itching, peeling.
The disease is not characterized by an effect on the general condition of the patient. Sometimes in the acute phase it may be accompanied by a slight change in state.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis is difficult because there is no accurate diagnostic technique. The manifestations and symptoms of red scaly hair lichen are in many respects similar to the symptom complex of such diseases as:
The result of histological examination is not reliable, since changes in the structure of the epidermis and inflammatory infiltration in the deeper layers of the skin occur in psoriasis and lichenification.
The main differential feature remains detectable when visually insulating islets of healthy skin, which is uncharacteristic of other dermatoses and non-pathogenetic (without changing the general condition) flow. In addition, dynamic patient monitoring is used.
For the disease Deverzhi characterized by the fusion of the islands of papules due to erythemasquamous process. The combination of symptoms of manifestation and the results of histological examination allow to clarify the diagnosis.
The treatment for Deverghe's disease is mainly symptomatic. Restoration of the skin structure occurs under the action of retinoids, such as Neotigazon or its analogs, Beroxan, Oksoralen, Ammifurin. The treatment is long-term, the improvement is noted after 1 month of admission in the recommended dose for adult patients. Sometimes a dosage increase is required.
The decision on the dose adjustment of the drug is made by the doctor. The average period of resolution of the pathology is 9 months, but it may come after 4 years of treatment. To minimize the side effects of retinoids in the form of dry skin and mucous membranes prescribed creams with vitamin A, bath with essential oils. Due to the fact that side effects are observed in the majority of patients taking Neotigosone, the appropriateness of its use, the dosage and duration of the course is decided by the attending physician.
When treating Devorge's disease in children, Neotigozon is used in extreme cases. To compensate for the negative effects of the drug on the body, supportive drug therapy is prescribed with the use of hepatoprotectors, gastric enzymes, vitamin B and nicotinic acid. The treatment plan is developed by the doctor in each specific case, based on the individual characteristics, age and associated diseases.
If Neotigozon therapy is not effective, then low-dose methotrexate may be given. It also shows a course of treatment with vitamin A, in high dosage for a month. After the break, the course continues.
In order to ensure the absorption of vitamin A, the use of androgens is recommended to increase the retinol-binding protein in the blood. Additionally prescribed fortification with the use of multivitamin complexes or monodrugs of vitamins B and E.
Local therapy does not matter much, but improves the patient's condition. Appointed ointment on the basis of salicylic, malic acid, which reduces the severity of erythema. When treating children, preference is given to local therapy. Assign ointments and creams keratolytic action, nourishing and emollient. In case of severe pathology, drugs with corticosteroids are prescribed.
As part of complex treatment, the methods of physical therapy are used:
- electrophoresis with corticosteroids,
- hydrotherapy: sulphide, radon baths.
In the literature, data from clinical studies that show the effectiveness of the combined use of retinoids and PUVA therapy (photochemotherapy) are cited. Recommended spa treatment, sea bathing.
There is no consensus about the correctness of the appointment of UV, as increased insolation causes an aggravation of the process.
Long-term treatment requires a careful approach to the choice of drugs. There are limited opportunities for retinoid therapy in patients with liver diseases, other burdensome conditions, as well as children and age patients. Therefore, how to treat and what, that is, the development of a therapy strategy, is decided only by the attending physician.
Favorable outcome and quick resolution is typical for children and adolescents. In half of the cases, in this age group, recovery from Dewerji's disease occurs within 2 years. In adults, the healing process may be delayed.
After recovery, the patient is under observation by a dermatologist. In order to prevent relapse, vitamin therapy courses are conducted.
Classic adult
Development is usually begins with the appearance of rashes on the upper half of the body, face, and also on the hair of the head. In 2-3 weeks or the same number of months, the rash spreads to the lower half of the body.
A follicular rash forms and yellow-orange plaques form. Within the affected areas there are islands of visually unaffected skin.
Under adverse circumstances, erythroderma occurs. After a few weeks, excess keratinization develops on the palms and soles of the feet, with nails affected. With this type, even if there is a violation of the ability to work, recovery occurs in 8 patients out of 10 within 3 years. The incidence rate is 55%.
Atypical adult
The duration of the development of the disease in this case can reach 20 years (or more). Visual changes are not detected. There is abundant exfoliation with the separation of light gray particles. The defeat of the soles and palms is expressed lamellar peeling. Sometimes there is a thinning of the hair. The incidence rate is 5%.
Classic juvenile
Symptoms and development are similar to the classic adult type, but there are some features and differences. This type is observed in children from 5 to 10 years. The spread of the rash has been reading from the lower half of the body. The course of the disease is favorable. Rashes pass independently within 1 year.
The incidence rate is 10%.
Limited juvenile
Observed in children from 3 to 10 years. The areas of damage to follicular hyperkeratosis and erythemal plaques are clearly limited throughout the course of the disease. The rash occurs mainly on the elbows and knees. Usually there is a lesion on the soles of the feet and the palms. Recovery occurs in 30–32% of cases within 3 years. The incidence rate is 25%.
Atypical juvenile
It is noted in children under 4 years. The course of the disease is chronic. There is follicular hyperkeratosis, as well as exfoliation with the separation of light gray particles. The main part of family cases falls on this type. The incidence rate is 5%.
HIV - associated
Red hairs, bruised versicolor, may be a marker of HIV infection. Unlike the classic adult, this type has a more unfavorable prognosis.
At the beginning of the disease, scaling appears with follicular papules evenly distributed on the extensor surfaces of the limbs. The Bénier cones appear (black dot formations), rarely found in the classical adult type.
Erythroderma often develops. There may be damage to the palms, soles and nails. The frequency of occurrence varies.
Differential diagnostics
Important criteria for correct diagnosis are:
- The presence of good health, lack of general weakness of the body. This condition is not characteristic of psoriasis and toxicoderma.
- The characteristic red or yellow-orange color of the affected areas.
- The presence of healthy skin islands that have clear boundaries.
- The lack of positive dynamics in the conduct of conventional therapy.
- The presence of papules, pierced in the center of the hair.
Treatment methods
Due to the inability to determine the cause of the disease, treatment is aimed at eliminating the symptoms. For systemic therapy, a course of vitamin A is prescribed in higher dosages:
- isotretion at a rate of 1 mg / kg body weight per day, lasting from 12 to 26 weeks, or methotrexate from 5 to 30 mg per week.
In case of intolerance to these drugs, apply one of the alternative treatment methods:
- acitretin in a dosage of 25 to 50 mg per day,
- acitretin 25mg per day, phototherapy UVA-1,
- acitretin 50mg per day, PUVA therapy,
- cyclosporine at a dosage of 5 mg / kg of body weight per day, lowering the dosage to 2-3 mg,
- azithioprine from 150 to 200 mg per day.
To reduce side effects, local therapy is additionally carried out. On the affected areas of the body are applied: ointment with salicylic or fruit acid, glucocorticosteroid ointment, various cosmetic creams.
Due to the long process of recovery, the approach to the choice of drugs should be as serious as possible.
The effectiveness of the therapy often does not bring results, but there is evidence of the development of spontaneous recovery.
If the effect after therapy is not observed, biological preparations are prescribed, such as:
When conducting biological therapy, every 3 months is:
- assessment of the state of the attending physician,
- examination by a neurologist,
- consultation with a cardiologist,
- blood test,
- Analysis of urine.
Important! If the disease is a symptom of HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy is prescribed by an infectious diseases specialist.
Treatment in children
Parents should pay attention to the symptoms that occur in the classical juvenile, limited juvenile, atypical juvenile, HIV-associated types. In the case of having them in a child, you should take him to a dermatologist.
For the treatment of children, acitretin is prescribed at a dosage of 0.5 mg / kg, as well as ultraviolet therapy.
Prevention
Given the lack of a clear understanding of the mechanisms of occurrence, no prophylaxis.
Dénergee's disease is a serious ailment, requiring expert help from a specialist. Lack of treatment usually does not cause any serious problems other than discomfort. Nevertheless, there are cases of degeneration of lesions into cancer transformations. Therefore, you should not set yourself a diagnosis and self-medicate.
Only a doctor will be able to correctly determine the cause of the symptoms and prescribe the correct treatment. Observed by a dermatologist after recovery is necessary for at least another year.
Useful videos
Pink deprive giber.
Fungal infections - school doctor Komarovsky.
Description of Daveri Disease
Pityriasis versicolor is versatile and well-known, but serious enough.It is believed that the main cause of this type of dermatosis is a violation of the process of keratinization, while in the papillary dermis the inflammatory process starts due to the appearance of horn plugs there.
This type of dermatosis usually affects children, but adults can also undergo the Deverji disease. In this regard, this pathology is divided into two large groups: lichen pediatric and adult. It is believed that the child type affects either from birth, or from an early age, while it is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The adult type of the disease is manifested by an older, as a rule, older age and is acquired.
There are several theories of the origin of the disease:
- lack of absorption of vitamin A by the body,
- weakening of the immune system after suffering infectious diseases,
- nervous system disorders, various pathologies in the endocrine system of the body, poisoning.
Further, consider in detail the symptoms and treatment of the disease Deverzhi.
Symptoms of the disease
The manifestation of skin disease Devérgy is very easily confused with the development of pathologies such as psoriasis or seborrhea. Their symptomatology is similar, and it is necessary to use various methods to make an accurate diagnosis.
What are the symptoms of the disease should pay attention?
- The presence of redness with yellowish scales, localized under the scalp.
- Itching, pain, burning in places of defeat.
- Change the color of nails from normal to brownish yellow.
- Hyperkeratosis.
- The disease spreads to the folds of the limbs and skin folds.
A similar picture of the development of the disease in the early stages is also characteristic of psoriatic lesions of the skin.
What is Deverzh disease?
The disease is a disease, or red pussy versicolor, first opened in 1828. After 30 years, French doctor Daveri after numerous studies gave a detailed description of the pathology. Ailment refers to a group of skin diseases and is a special form of keratosis. The disease occurs at any age. There are hereditary and acquired forms.
Symptoms may appear unexpectedly in children and adults, they are easily confused with the symptoms of other skin diseases. This disease is more typical of the chronic form, when for weeks, months and years the patient is not disturbed. Dermatologists advise you to pay attention to the following symptoms:
- Redness with yellowish scales above, resembling seborrhea or psoriasis is found under the scalp on the head.
- After some time, there are numerous red papules that increase in size and affect an increasing area of the skin.
- When holding the affected area with the hand, there is a burning sensation, itching, and painful sensations.
- The rash spreads to other areas of the body, localized in the folds of the skin, folds of the limbs.
- The nails acquire a yellowish-brown tint, hyperkeratosis is observed.
- The process is characterized by an increase in papules in size, with complications they can grow, become solid plaques.
Such a clinical picture is easily confused with psoriasis. In order to determine a particular disease, the doctor conducts a thorough examination of the patient. Diseases can be identified by the presence of cone-shaped follicular papules along the edges of the plaques: experts call these formations "satellites." The appearance of cracks on the folds under the knees, elbows, on the soles, and the growth of plaques are additional signs of hair chives.
Causes of Deverzh disease
The reasons for the occurrence of deprive Deverzhi, has not yet been investigated. Experts indicate different circumstances that have a negative effect on the body. In their opinion, the main cause of pathology is the inheritance of a defective gene. Among other factors are called:
- severe vitamin A deficiency,
- complication after other skin diseases.
It has been established that in some cases of versicolor hair spreads it is contagious when several people use clothing. Recurrent recurrence is affected by poor nutrition, taking medicines, improper day regimen, and propensity for allergies. In addition, patients more likely to suffer from the acute and chronic form of depriving Déderjee have experienced:
- poisoning by harmful substances
- stresses and nervous shocks
- diseases associated with the violation of hormonal metabolism.
Hair lichen treatment
In order to get rid of the deprived Dévergi's hair deprivation, it is necessary to undergo examination and a long course of therapy with medicines prescribed by a dermatologist. The period of treatment, the drug, the dose of the drug is chosen depending on the stage of the disease, the age and condition of the patient. It often takes several months before improvements begin. A child under 5 years old should be additionally monitored by a pediatrician.
Medicamentous
To restore the skin on the affected areas, topically and orally are used classic drugs of the group of retinoids containing vitamin A in sprays, capsules, ointments and tablets. The most effective drugs include:
If Deverzh disease proceeds in an acute form, the patient is placed in a hospital and homeopathic preparations are prescribed additionally, a complex of vitamins E, B1, B12 in injections. When a complication in the form of erythroderma occurs, you should start taking corticosteroids in the dosage indicated by the doctor. Complex forms of the disease are treated with photochemotherapy and ultraviolet radiation with the help of special devices.
Deveri Disease - the main symptoms:
- Skin eruption
- Weakness
- Fever
- Skin peeling
- Skin tightening
- The appearance of papules
DeVergey's disease refers to chronic keratosis, characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis. This disease is localized on the skin and manifests itself in the form of lichen erysipelas. The course of the disease alternates with a stage of exacerbation and remission; lesions can capture large areas of skin.
The disease is quite common in both adults and children, and develops due to disruption of the keratinization of the skin.
Diagnosed by an external examination by a dermatologist, while conducting laboratory tests to differentiate the disease from similar ailments.
Therapeutic measures give a positive result, but it is not always possible to completely eliminate the pathological process. People with such a diagnosis must constantly undergo prophylactic treatment: take vitamin complexes, use anti-inflammatory ointment and eat well.
This pathology can be diagnosed in newborns and in the elderly. In infants, the disease has a congenital nature, it appears due to mutational changes in the genome, and there is a high probability that the disease will be inherited from parents to children.
With the appearance of lichen in old age, its occurrence has the following reasons:
- vitamin A deficiency and problems with its digestibility,
- endocrine pathological processes associated with disruption of the thyroid gland and disruptions in carbohydrate metabolism,
- abnormalities in the liver due to pathological processes within this organ,
- after suffering infectious diseases.
If in children the disease disappears in adolescence during the period of hormonal adjustment of the body, then in adults it often becomes chronic. If untreated, the symptoms will worsen, and the pathology will capture all large areas of skin.
According to ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases), the disease of this type received the code L 44.0.
Possible complications
Treatment in some cases is supportive and suppresses the disease for some time, but in the absence of it the patient has various kinds of complications:
- lesions may become infected and cause complications of the disease,
- the occurrence of malignant tumors,
- with localization of lichen on the eyelid, there may be a great risk in the flaking of the eyelid from the eyeball.
Deverzhi disease often refers to chronic lesions of the skin in children and adults, and therefore requires timely treatment, constant monitoring by a dermatologist, so as not to miss the period when the disease worsens.
Causes
Accurately establish the causes of red lichen failed. There is only information that there is a hereditary form of the disease associated with genetic changes. A similar form of Daveri's disease occurs in childhood.
If the disease begins in adults, then external factors play a key role in its development:
- vitamin A deficiency and vitamin A vitamin deficiency,
- violation of the formation and release of thyroid hormones, changes in carbohydrate metabolism,
- chronic liver disease due to the development of complex pathologies in the body,
- infectious diseases of viral conditionality is the most controversial item among the causes of Deverzhi syndrome.
How herpes on the head manifests itself: symptoms and treatment methods.
Based on this, we can say that the disease is polyetiological in nature, since it is associated with the effect of a certain number of factors on the body, which already have a genetic predisposition to develop the disease.
Main manifestations
Follicular papular keratosis is the main clinical manifestation of Deverji disease. A patient on the skin in the area of hair follicles forms areas of increased keratinization, which protrude above the surface. A feature is their tendency to increase in size, to merge among themselves.
With Deverge's hair lichen, there are papular elevations on the patient's skin, reaching 1.5 cm in diameter. In this case, the elements of the rash protrude above the surface, differing in brownish or reddish coloration. Horny scales exfoliate from the surface of the papule, in place of which there are recesses. In this case, no discharge from the scales is not observed, which is important in terms of differential diagnosis with Kirle's disease, in which there is a release of fluid.
Features of hair lichen:
- skin is not affected throughout its length,
- progression is long,
- the initial element of the rash - small papules, which are further connected with each other,
- the color of the rash is brownish or red, distinctly visible on healthy skin,
- patients do not complain about the subjective signs of itching, scratching, rash,
- there are no changes in the general condition of a person
- lesions on the mucous membranes almost never occur, but may still be,
- frequent combination of hair lesion with the appearance of rash elements on the feet and hands,
- patients may have a change in the shape of the nails, their thickening.
If the patient has similar symptoms, the attending physician should be suspicious of Deverzh disease and proceed with additional examination methods.
Treatment methods
The treatment of Dewergy's disease is a complex and complex task. The international approach to therapy involves the use of vitamin A in large doses (150-200 thousand units per day). The course duration is at least two months, after which there is a temporary interruption in treatment for the same period. If necessary, vitamin therapy courses are repeated. Sometimes, vitamin E is additionally prescribed with group B vitamins.
Sometimes prescribed drugs retinoids (Roakkunt), which are used topically. However, their appointment should take place after accurate confirmation of the diagnosis because of the possible risks of side effects.
Why does a lichen appear on the head of a child, how to treat it with drugs and folk remedies.
Find out why pimples appear on your head and how to treat them.
Causes and symptoms of boils on the head in the hair, treatment of inflammation.
Good results are demonstrated by PUVA - the use of ultraviolet irradiation with photoactive substances. The number of sessions is different for individual patients, but on average it is 8–10 sessions of therapy. This type of treatment is indicated for patients with severe forms of the disease in the absence of contraindications. It is allowed to use physiotherapy, for example, phonophoresis with glucocorticoid drugs.
In milder forms of the Daveri disease, preference in treatment is given to local methods of action: ointment with vitamin A, ointment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which allow to reduce inflammation in the papillary dermis. If this form of therapy is not effective, apply topical forms of glucocorticoids.
Important! Should not be self-medication. All drugs, frequency of use, the duration of the course prescribed by the attending physician.
Prevention options
The disease is easier to prevent than to cure. Therefore, the issues of prevention of the disease Daveri are relevant. Unfortunately, preventive measures are not well developed, since the causes of the appearance of pathology have not yet been studied.
However, there are a number of general recommendations to reduce the risk of developing the disease:
- prevention of infectious diseases,
- regular preventive medical examinations for the early detection of diseases of internal organs, in particular, the endocrine system.
Summarize
DeVergey's disease is a chronic lesion of the skin of children and adults. The modern approach to treatment is based on the early treatment of the patient, the use of large doses of vitamin A, and local anti-inflammatory ointments. At the same time, there is a good response to therapy, a decrease in the foci of follicular hyperkeratosis. It is important for all patients to remember that it is impossible to fully recover from the disease, but with adequate therapy and compliance with the doctor’s recommendations, the disease becomes permanently in remission.
Manifestation of the disease in adults
The first type (classic adult) can appear both gradually and acutely, with localized rash, as a rule, in the upper torso of the patient. Lesions can be either single spots or grouped erythematous, spreading down the body. At the onset of the disease, the main symptom that is troubling the patient is severe itching. With the further course of the pathology, in 80% of cases, patients present with palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis, and in 50% of cases - follicular, called Benie's symptom. Of great importance in the diagnosis of the very first subtype of Dewergy's disease is the presence of spots of healthy skin on the background of an affected diameter of about 1 mm.
An atypical adult type, as is already clear from the name, appears nonstandard: the lesions with it are larger than in the classical version. This subtype is characterized by the presence of eczema-like lesions, larger than in patients with the first subtype of the disease. Localized lesions mostly on the lower extremities, possibly loss of hair on the head. One of the main symptoms that can reveal the syndrome of Deverzhi is erimatozno-squamous lesions, localized on the bends of the wrist and elbow joints.
The clinic of this subtype resembles allergic dermatitis, seborrhea, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, skin lymphoma and other similar diseases. In addition to the above, it can be noted that the exacerbations of the atypical type of the course of the disease are longer than its remission and are much more difficult to treat.
Daveri disease in children and adolescents
According to U. Griffiths, juvenile types of manifestation of the disease begin either in adolescence or else in early childhood. At the same time, over time, the disease becomes chronic.
The classic juvenile pathology variant is not much different from the classic adult type, except for the localization of lesions, which are usually located in the lower part of the body. In addition, the difference lies in the fact that the symptoms appear somewhat weaker than in adults. This subtype of Daveri disease is diagnosed in children of the first and second years of life.
The limited juvenile pathology variant, as a rule, affects children aged 11-12 years, that is, in the prepubertal period of life. The disease is characterized by several pronounced symptoms:
- areas of follicular hyperkeratosis and erythema in the lower extremities have clear boundaries,
- chronic course
- no tendency to further spread.
As for the atypical childhood variant of the disease, it is safe to say that this subtype justifies its name: erythema appears very weakly with pronounced follicular hyperkeratosis. In some cases, there is a nevoid type of lesions.
An atypical variant also appears in the first years of a child’s life, eventually becoming chronic.
Dewergy's disease is divided into several stages due to its various manifestations. Let us take a closer look at each stage of the development of Daveri syndrome.
Stages of development of pathology
Divergey's disease usually develops gradually and stepwise:
- First stage. Here, in the place of localization of the lichen, the first follicular nodules are formed, while the color of the skin changes from light pink to red. Visually, skin lesions in this disease can be compared with scales.
- Progressive form. In the absence of proper treatment and attention to the first symptoms, the disease continues to develop. At this stage, the individual follicular nodules merge together into a single whole, their color changes to yellow or orange.
- A neglected form of the disease. In addition to the above, the skin in places of defeat thickens, perhaps the manifestation of deep grooves.
Treatment by folk methods
Folk methods are also used and well help patients with Daveri disease. This ointment and decoctions prepared at home.
The following herbal substances are used for the treatment of red depriving Diverzhi with folk remedies:
You can prepare the necessary components both independently and buy them at a pharmacy. In the second case, you must carefully follow the instructions for use with the indicated dosages. For the treatment of the disease, you can use several time-tested recipes:
- Birch tar is applied to the affected skin 2-3 times a day.
- 2 tablespoons of calendula or calendula pour boiling water, insist, filter and wipe the resulting infusion of the affected skin.
On the Internet, you can find many other recipes for the treatment of the disease Deverzhi, but they need to be used only under the supervision of a specialist and in the absence of an allergic reaction to this component.
With the correct treatment of the disease Deverji, the prognosis for recovery is quite favorable. Many patients after several courses of treatment can completely get rid of the disease, but even after treatment, a person must be regularly observed by a dermatologist.
